76. Which of the following is NOT a necessary condition for a deadlock?
a) Mutual exclusion
b) Circular wait
c) Preemption
d) Hold and wait
Answer: c
77. In which of the following page replacement algorithms can Belady's anomaly occur?
a) Optimal
b) FIFO
c) LRU
d) Clock
Answer: b
78. The mode bit in an operating system is used to differentiate between:
a) User mode and kernel mode
b) Process mode and thread mode
c) Paging mode and segmentation mode
d) Single-user and multi-user mode
Answer: a
79. What is the purpose of a Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB)?
a) To store process states
b) To speed up the virtual-to-physical address translation
c) To manage the file system
d) To handle I/O operations
Answer: b
80. Which file allocation method eliminates external fragmentation?
a) Contiguous allocation
b) Linked allocation
c) Indexed allocation
d) Sequential allocation
Answer: c
81. Which of the following best describes a hard real-time system?
a) Guarantees task completion within strict deadlines
b) Allows tasks to be delayed occasionally
c) Does not support process synchronization
d) Supports only batch processing
Answer: a
82. The state of a process after it finishes execution is called:
a) Terminated
b) Waiting
c) Suspended
d) Ready
Answer: a
83. Which of the following does not contribute to CPU-bound processes?
a) Mathematical computations
b) Data sorting algorithms
c) File copying operations
d) Large simulations
Answer: c
84. A disk block is a unit of:
a) Memory allocation in RAM
b) Space allocation on a disk
c) Processor scheduling
d) Network bandwidth
Answer: b
85. What is the primary purpose of the FAT (File Allocation Table)?
a) To store metadata about files
b) To keep track of used and free disk space
c) To handle device drivers
d) To manage system calls
Answer: b
86. The banker’s algorithm is used for:
a) Process scheduling
b) Deadlock prevention
c) Deadlock avoidance
d) Page replacement
Answer: c
87. What is the main drawback of linked file allocation?
a) External fragmentation
b) High overhead in managing indexes
c) Slow sequential access
d) Inefficient random access
Answer: d
88. A system with a single CPU and multiple processes utilizes:
a) Parallelism
b) Concurrency
c) Virtualization
d) Distributed computing
Answer: b
89. In Linux, the superblock contains:
a) The kernel code
b) Metadata about the file system
c) Information about user processes
d) Bootloader instructions
Answer: b
90. In the Unix operating system, the ps command is used to:
a) Create processes
b) Terminate processes
c) Display information about processes
d) Synchronize processes
Answer: c
91. A device that supports direct data transfer between memory and the device, bypassing the CPU, uses:
a) Spooling
b) DMA (Direct Memory Access)
c) Interrupt-driven I/O
d) Polling
Answer: b
92. In multithreading, the term "context switch" refers to switching between:
a) Processes
b) Threads
c) Memory pages
d) Disk blocks
Answer: b
93. What is the purpose of the inode in a file system?
a) To store the file name
b) To contain metadata about a file
c) To store file data
d) To manage device drivers
Answer: b
94. In Linux, which command is used to change file permissions?
a) chmod
b) chown
c) ls
d) pwd
Answer: a
95. The scheduling algorithm most suitable for a time-sharing system is:
a) First Come First Serve
b) Round Robin
c) Shortest Job First
d) Priority Scheduling
Answer: b
96. What is a shell script?
a) A compiled binary file
b) A program written to be run by the shell
c) A process scheduling algorithm
d) A method for file compression
Answer: b
97. Which of the following is NOT a function of an operating system’s file management system?
a) File creation and deletion
b) Directory organization
c) Disk space allocation
d) Hardware repair
Answer: d
98. In which state is a process, if it is waiting for an I/O operation to complete?
a) Ready
b) Running
c) Blocked
d) Terminated
Answer: c
99. The mechanism to ensure that only one process accesses a critical section at a time is called:
a) Deadlock prevention
b) Process synchronization
c) Mutual exclusion
d) Paging
Answer: c
100. What is the main function of the BIOS in a computer system?
a) To execute application programs
b) To manage CPU scheduling
c) To initialize hardware and load the operating system
d) To provide virtual memory
Answer: c
